Yes, but I'm curious which specific transformations and optimisations were specific to the mainframe culture. C compilers specifically were pretty crude for a while, but there was lots of other stuff going on (e.g. all the work on compiler optimisations for Lisp).

I'm not a fan of the Dragon Book, but I also don't think it held back much (although I'm not an expert on its societal impact). The older editions had very little about optimisations at all.