I'd say the most important thing, meaning the one with the biggest influence on what you end up doing, is how you connect your home Mac to the internet.
If my understanding is correct, you want this server to be publicly accessible, i.e. by anyone, not just you or a limited, well-defined set of people. If that's the case, you don't need Tailscale, which can be seen more like a VPN.
If you don't have CG-NAT (meaning your home router gets a public, routable IP) you can probably set up port forwarding to your Mac and some script that would update your DNS entry if your IP isn't static.
If you DO have CG-NAT, or for some other reason you cannot forward any ports, you'll have to use something external to at least route the traffic. I've glossed over your link, so this may not work, but you could look at proxying your traffic with Cloudflare. Look up cloudflared. If that doesn't work, then yes, something like wireguard between your DO VM and your home Mac could work.
All in all, I think this is more or less a classic "home server" setup, so you should be searching for "hosting a server at home" or similar.
If my understanding is correct, you want this server to be publicly accessible, i.e. by anyone, not just you or a limited, well-defined set of people. If that's the case, you don't need Tailscale, which can be seen more like a VPN.
If you don't have CG-NAT (meaning your home router gets a public, routable IP) you can probably set up port forwarding to your Mac and some script that would update your DNS entry if your IP isn't static.
If you DO have CG-NAT, or for some other reason you cannot forward any ports, you'll have to use something external to at least route the traffic. I've glossed over your link, so this may not work, but you could look at proxying your traffic with Cloudflare. Look up cloudflared. If that doesn't work, then yes, something like wireguard between your DO VM and your home Mac could work.
All in all, I think this is more or less a classic "home server" setup, so you should be searching for "hosting a server at home" or similar.