I think they mean "was there someone guiding your trip, or did you do it alone". I have never tried psychedelics, but I've heard its helpful to have people with you, because you can have a "bad trip" where your mind goes into awful places, and having a familiar face nearby can help get you out of that state or ameliorate your symptoms.
> Yes but assembly is an intermediary representation
there's certainly a technical difference between assembly and machine code, but it's pretty common to use the word "assembly" by metonymy with the latter
> the OS is not doing any “direct execution”
OSes have native executable formats for which execution most certainly has less steps than executing a .js, a .jar or a .sh, which I would absolutely call "direct execution". The criterion can be defined I would guess as - does the OS / environment need to launch a separate process / specific steps such as setting up an interpreter before getting to the code you want to execute ? but most likely there's a finer distinction to be made.
It is called LLVM, GIMPLE or whatever, depending on the middle layer we are talking about in C and C++ compilers.
Likewise there are JIT and AOT compilers for turning those JVM bytecodes or MSIL into machine code as well, including not shipping a VM rather a runtime.
So it does show a lack of understanding on how compilers work.
This is exactly the argumentation I would love to see as well. It would be very interesting to compare scientific achievement coming out of Finland compared to, say, Alabama which is the first state to cross 5M people and thus comparable in population. Of course, I'm sure that analysis would be plagued by what subjectively counts as achievement.
Also, I was loose with my words. I didn't really mean few as in you could actually count the individuals. I meant more along the lines of the 1% of the population that has a PhD and at least making some minor contribution to academia.
Admittedly we're mostly built for folks trying to break into tech right now, but will be modularizing and offering different segments in the near future.