I found that this tutorial [1] was really helpful to help me understand how it works, in layman's terms. I followed it with hledger [2], but it should work with any double-entry bookkeeping system. You can also find a lot of resources here [3].

[1] http://www.dwmbeancounter.com/tutorial/Tutorial.html

[2] http://hledger.org/

[3] http://plaintextaccounting.org/

For those who want the source of the gif : https://www.autodeskresearch.com/publications/samestats

The paper is actually really interesting, as it provides a useful insight into what summary statistics mean and the importance of data visualization.

The Elements of Statistical Learning, by Hastie, Tibshirani and Friedman, for everything on Machine Learning and Statistics. Available for free online: https://statweb.stanford.edu/~tibs/ElemStatLearn/

Actually, it is just a standard package in Atom. If you feel it disrupts your day-to-day workflow in Atom, you can just disable the package.