> Hypoglycemia becomes symptomatic long before blood sugar is low enough to result in death or serious debilitation and T1D patients know their symptoms well.
Often times in an acute setting, yes. However patients who have had diabetes (T1 or T2) for a long time often lose a lot of their hypoglycemia sensitivity and symptoms. It's not nearly that simple.
Hypoglycaemia during sleep is the big one. My hypo sensitivity isn't great, but if I'm awake I'll always notice before it gets really dangerous. Sleeping is a different story though. The days when even a slight low would jolt me wide awake in a sweat are gone though, and now I'm much more reliant on sensor alarms to not just sink silently deeper.
I believe that most of the lead used today is a by-product or co-product of mining other more valuable metals like Zinc and silver. Lead is quite abundant in the Earth's crust and found in easy to access deposits.
I think >80% of the current industrial use of lead is for batteries. It's probably still in the top ten most mined metals by dollar value and definitely by mass.
The mineral containing Zinc is called Sphalerite, which is based on a greek etymology for "deciever" because it commonly occurs with Galena (which has Lead and Silver) and looks similar.
Thanks for sharing. I’m a doctor. If you don’t mind sharing, out of curiosity how were you diagnosed with this? Not one of the primary immunodeficiencies I see tested, but I’m not a medical geneticist or pediatrician.
Hey doc. Well, I had consistently low WBC counts (leukopenia), skin infections, sinus infections, lung infections (and nodules), as well as recurrent fungal infections. Doctors offered no explanation.
In 2014 I had my genome run on 23andMe and through digging and getting a second genome run I confirmed that I was homozygous for rs1049564 (and other SNPs) in my PNP gene.
I was finally able to push for a PNP activity test which revealed low activity. I do not think the doctors would have ever tested for this.
Hey Rick, it took a lot of time and a lot of emails to people researching the topic. But the key was the doctor's constantly diagnosing me and then diagnosing me with Lupus. Finding the link with Lupus and PNP SNPs was the key. The Lupus diagnosis was always back and forth because apparently PNP deficiency lowers immunoglobulin levels as well and that is the test that gets you in the door to the rheum only when it is high.
Many other phenol's and polyphenols seem to give me issues as well.
Also, you might take a look at the interaction between riboflavin and catechins. There is something going on there I do not quite understand:
Fascinating. Thank you for sharing. I’m glad you were able to arrive at a diagnosis. I’m sorry to hear it was such an odyssey. I wonder how many other patients like you we are missing.
Addressing his specific point that “decolonization” of the curriculum in medicine is “dangerous” - As a practicing physician, I strongly disagree. I think the author likely has a completely inaccurate idea of what a medical curriculum even is, as I cannot reconcile most of what he is saying with what I’ve seen at several of the top medical training places in the country. Decolonization of medical curriculum in general is important as our euro-centric view of disease often ends up dramatically hurting minority individuals. This runs from obvious things like making sure physicians have pictures of rashes on melanotic (dark) skin in textbooks to more difficult things like incorporating non-European ancestry individuals in massive genetic studies and not simply discarding their genetic info (as has been done for a lot of large population studies historically).
Agree that such efforts are important and, in the article, I assert that certain initiatives are worthy. But certain projects go far beyond these; see the efforts in New Zealand, discussed in this thread.
For the specific task of (for example) cooking a steak it’s not hard to envision a computer vision algorithm coupled with a model with a some basic knowledge of the system (ambient temperature, oven/stove temperature, time cooking, etc.) doing an excellent job.
No, I can't envision this. Surface texture alone will not tell you if meat is cooked. There is no getting around the temperature probe.
Now, simple color matching models are used in some fancy toasters on white bread to determine brownness. That's the most I've ever seen in appliances...
Use of the CDC dataset as controls for a non-randomized trial is very problematic. Hard to know what to make of this at all. It has a modicum of bioplausability but I don’t think my posterior probability estimate of effectiveness has changed at all after reading the paper.
Often times in an acute setting, yes. However patients who have had diabetes (T1 or T2) for a long time often lose a lot of their hypoglycemia sensitivity and symptoms. It's not nearly that simple.