That's another great idea. I'm looking for a Razer Chroma API, not much luck yet, but their site[1] seems to have some info. Of course, they're going to make it much easier for you to tell their keyboard what the color should be than to read that color...
There's been quite a few people exploring logitech gaming keyboards with LCD (G19 etc), adding pidgin plugins, games widgits etc. Maybe you can get enough from github to figure out what you need?
Or there's Roccat's power grid which interfaces games to a phone app. No idea how open or investigated that is though.
[1]: http://developer.razerzone.com/chroma/