Yes I think what corrupts this ideal is the extent to which words come to represent feelings and associations instead of facts and ideas.
Like how "literally" has come to represent the feeling of emphasis, and the association with the experience of one-upping other emphatic adjectives like "extremely."
Actually not. If you google the debate you'll find there's a history of using the word this way that goes back a very, very, long time in a variety of literature.
I have to admit I thought the same as you until someone pointed this out.
I find it weird that this fight is only over "literally" (which doesn't actually literally mean non-metaphorically, but rather "to do with letters") but not "really", "truly" and "actually" and other such words which do literally mean "this is true and real".
Yes, it does. There is no "right" in language use beyond communication with the target audience. What people understand a word to mean is all there is.
Like how "literally" has come to represent the feeling of emphasis, and the association with the experience of one-upping other emphatic adjectives like "extremely."