You can inject window.$ and window.jQuery via webpack directly, making the inclusion implicit... there's a minor amount of additional script added, and it makes it unavailable to attach to the actual window, but I find the DOM interfaces sufficient in the console anyway.
I added it via expose-loader and with the ProvidePlugin but neither of it worked. Eventually some technique (loader, plugin and/or require()) made it work and I gave up and didn't touch it since then.