PowerPC (and POWER) has reasonable hardware support for unaligned memory access, at least for 32-bit data, and if the data is in the data cache. Depending on the processor, the exceptions that reach the OS can be more or less frequent.
ARM v6-A and later (except for some microcontrollers, like Cortex M0/R0, that don't support hardware unaligned access at all, triggering a exception) is similar to the Intel x86 case (reference in transparent unaligned memory access -except for SIMD, where x86 can raise exceptions, too, in the case of unaligned load/store opcodes-), where there is hardware support for unaligned memory access.
For software that uses intensive non-aligned data access, e.g. data compression algorithms doing string search, PowerPC, ARM v6-A (and later ARM Application processors), new MIPS with HW support for unaligned memory access, and Intel are pretty much the same (i.e. b = * (uint32_t * )(a + 23) will take 1-2 cycles, not requiring doing a memcpy(&b, a + 23, sizeof(uint32_t))).
For SIMD, though, there is no transparent fix, although there are specific opcodes for aligned and unaligned memory access (e.g. load/store, unaligned load/store).
I would say that ARM v6 and later is a major step forward, but is v8 that really seems to be similar to Intel finally. The v6 was able to deal only with single fetch/store unaligned instructions, but things like accessing a double or multiple words with the same instruction would raise an exception.
Accessing unaligned 64 bit data in 32 bit ARM mode can generate exceptions, even in ARM v8 CPUs when running code in 32 bit mode. Full unaligned memory access for 16/32/64/128 bits is only guaranteed in AArch64 mode, if I recall correctly.
For 64-bit ARM (AArch64), load-exclusive/store-exclusive and load-acquire/store-release require aligned addresses. (Seems reasonable to me, trying to handle atomic accesses to aligned data is no fun). You also get a fault for any kind of unaligned access to Device memory, but you're not going to have that unless you're the kernel, and unaligned accesses to hardware registers are definitely not going to work out very well...
(The rules are all fairly clearly documented in the Architecture Reference Manual.)
ARM v6-A and later (except for some microcontrollers, like Cortex M0/R0, that don't support hardware unaligned access at all, triggering a exception) is similar to the Intel x86 case (reference in transparent unaligned memory access -except for SIMD, where x86 can raise exceptions, too, in the case of unaligned load/store opcodes-), where there is hardware support for unaligned memory access.
For software that uses intensive non-aligned data access, e.g. data compression algorithms doing string search, PowerPC, ARM v6-A (and later ARM Application processors), new MIPS with HW support for unaligned memory access, and Intel are pretty much the same (i.e. b = * (uint32_t * )(a + 23) will take 1-2 cycles, not requiring doing a memcpy(&b, a + 23, sizeof(uint32_t))).
For SIMD, though, there is no transparent fix, although there are specific opcodes for aligned and unaligned memory access (e.g. load/store, unaligned load/store).