You're making lots of arguments by analogy here, and they're all just not correct. I'm not sure how better to explain it. Yes, it is theoretically possible to do a style of dimensionality reduction that would not destroy very much information. But nobody uses models like that to make predictions. The models people actually use to make predictions destroy enormous quantities of information, and reduce dimensionality in the extreme. It is not like compressing a JPEG. It is like looking at a photograph of a person and remembering that someone with brown hair was in it.