One of my professors (Allen Downey at Olin College) loved to show his idea of system like this for postal addresses. The idea was that you would be issued a fake address that is a key within a database pointing to your current address as a value.
So my address might be:
1532 Elm St. Faketown, PL
Since PL is not a state, the postal service would know to look up the current address in this database, and would forward mail appropriately. They could then slap a label on it with the real address so that the postal carriers don't go crazy.
As long as the URL you use isn't harder to type in than your address, this has merit. Conversely, I remember my address a lot easier than I remember a URL
Obviously the problem with getting it off the ground. Who is big enough to start this off, short of the Government?