Last I checked, fb does not delete your data when you deactivate your account, they just hide it all. Moreover if you want it all gone, you have to go to all of your friends' pages and manually remove each piece of content you've contributed.
That's only if you deactivate your account. There's also a way to delete your account, and then your content will be deleted. However, they will still maintain the social graph (so if you'll create a new account with the same email, they know who you were connected too).
