For cars, there is an ISO standard for SW - and the rules are likely a lot stricter than these. I wonder - will there ever be an ISO standard for space travel?
The software design aspects of these rules have probably evolved in conjunction with DO-178, the industry standard for designing safe computing systems for avionics.
No. While MISRA C was created for cars, the ISO standard is ISO 26262. MISRA C is not required for ISO 26262, but it does satisfy some of its requirements and so most C developers will use it.
For cars, there is an ISO standard for SW - and the rules are likely a lot stricter than these. I wonder - will there ever be an ISO standard for space travel?