Thankfully, it's not only up to owners. People (governments) can set the rules the owners need to abide.

Of course, people need to value this rule changes enough to enact it.

The rules need to create a reliable financial incentive, or they will be routinely ignored.

The easiest way to accomplish this would be to utilize existing AIS signals (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automatic_identification_syste...). But doing so could create an incentive for captains to switch off their transponders, which would lead to safety issues.

Not always - in the PNW voluntary speed reductions (to protect marine life by reducing noise) are respected by the majority of vessels. Education and awareness of how bad and impactful the problem is may be important.

Owners are humans!

So are dictators.