Genuine question. Are there other countries in which you can not show up for a scheduled shift, without making prior arrangements with management, and not get reprimanded? On top of this telling your boss that you won't be in for two weeks without their approval...
Yes. e.g. in France you have something called "droit de retrait" ("right of withdrawal") when you consider that you cannot do your job without endangering yourself (e.g. not adequate protection or measures, especially in a pandemic), you only have to inform the health committee or your boss by any means before doing so.
You cannot be directly denied your salary or get demoted/fired for this. The company can of course appeal by opening a court case saying you abused this right, in which case any sanction may be applied if the ruling is in their favor.
The law also mandates that the company is responsible for the health of its employees on company time and premises, so you can also open a court case if you do not feel adequately protected (what happened to amazon).
Well, then you go to court and win, because that’s not how they are supposed to do it. If you are a temp worker they can obviously not renew your contract as well.