While I don't wish for this level of utilitarianism and inequality, I do wish our system here in the US had this level of organized clarity that you are describing. I think instead much more of the problem needs to be attributed to sheer incompetence and bureaucratic inefficiency.
Recently I went to the local medical center and had got some basic checkups and diagnostics. The healthcare was fine, but the billing and medical record interactions were terrible. The negotiation about the amount I owed, which was always in the $50-150 range, was dragged out over six months and involved five different corporations (the medical center, their independent billing agency, the collections agency, my insurer, and my insurer's third party negotiation firm). It went to collections even though all parties had agreed it should be on hold pending the "investigation", which never seemed to bring any new details to light. Then finally they lowered it significantly at the end and never provided a reason why it was different.
Recently I went to the local medical center and had got some basic checkups and diagnostics. The healthcare was fine, but the billing and medical record interactions were terrible. The negotiation about the amount I owed, which was always in the $50-150 range, was dragged out over six months and involved five different corporations (the medical center, their independent billing agency, the collections agency, my insurer, and my insurer's third party negotiation firm). It went to collections even though all parties had agreed it should be on hold pending the "investigation", which never seemed to bring any new details to light. Then finally they lowered it significantly at the end and never provided a reason why it was different.