I'm not sure what predecessors that means (ThunderX2?), but these have been carefully "co-designed" for the job with experience from K Computer. Actually that's for a set of job types, which is part of the point. They also have extensive capability for low precision, if you want that. Note that it's not just at the top of top500, which is relatively uninteresting, but wins, or is up there, on things like HPCG, some sort of machine-learning benchmark, etc. K Computer also came out well generally, and persistently.
TX2 is from a different company though (Cavium -> Marvell). I guess the "predecessor" of the A64FX would technically be some SPARC chip that Fujitsu used to build?