Yes, we have two larger systemic issues (arguably one) that prevent public voting.

Voters could be rewarded for voting a certain way.

Voters could be punished for voting a certain way.

You can't get rid of rewards without eliminating capitalism, and you can't get rid of retaliation without eliminating power structures.

Making voter information anonymous except via subpoena doesn't work for the same reason that backdoored encryption doesn't work.