Here are all the differences between the M1 Air and M1 Pro, from [1]:

    Brighter screen (500 nits vs. 400)
    Bigger battery (58 watt-hours vs. 50)
    Fan (increasing thermal headroom)
    Better speakers and microphones
    Touch Bar
    0.2 pounds of weight (3.0 pounds vs. 2.8 — not much)

The SoC is the same (although the entry-level Air gets 7-core GPUs, that’s probably chip binning). The screen is the same (Retina, P3 color gamut), both have 2 USB-C ports, both have a fingerprint reader.

[1]: https://daringfireball.net/2020/11/one_more_thing_the_m1_mac...