There was also Prestel and Teletext in England. Time, Inc. invested a ton of money here in a teletext startup. I don't know why they abandoned it but "who owned the VBI" (vertical blanking interval, which would carry teletext) was an issue back then too. AT&T also had NAPLPS in the works. Times Mirror and at least one other company I can't recall (in Florida) had NAPLPS systems up and going. Time Warner had Qube on cable in Ohio (Columbus?). None of them had the life or vibrancy or innovation of the BBS subculture.