Amen. “What do you use for debugging prod services?” “CloudWatch.”

Yes. The same apply to a lot of embedded systems. When you can't stop the system you better learn how to debug from logs. And put the right logging support in place ahead of time: it may be impossible to replace the software in place by a new debug version, and then it's only based on preexisting logs and just adapting the logs configuration.

It doesn't have to be that way, record-and-replay debugging can overcome this.

Completely agree.