Universe is tiny compared to mathematics and software, even simply RSA keys are already 2048bit.

Lots of problems suffer from 'combinatorial explosion' [1].

I recently learned about the Archimedes's cattle problem, the solution is of order 10^206544 [2]

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combinatorial_explosion

[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archimedes%27s_cattle_problem