I would guess the deeper reason is that the sky is blue. That makes it more useful to have good vision in red and green.
If we needed good resolution everywhere, we might have had eyes optimizing for different colors, four eyes, etc.
Also, it isn’t as simple as this article describes. The human eye can vary its focal distance (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accommodation_(eye)) over a larger range than the effect of color aberration, so the eye _could_ optimize for having optimal focus for blue light or vary that over time.
One theory I've heard is that hunting for fruit was probably a major driving factor in human color vision, as well as that of other primates. Good red/green vision would've helped our ancestors search for ripe fruit (usually red) by being able to easily distinguish it from foliage and unripe fruit (usually green).
What's funny is that most mammals can't distinguish between red & green.
For example: the reason why tigers have red camouflage is that their prey cannot distinguish them from the background green of the forest, combined with the fact that mammals cannot create green pigment for their fur (yet).
If we needed good resolution everywhere, we might have had eyes optimizing for different colors, four eyes, etc.
Also, it isn’t as simple as this article describes. The human eye can vary its focal distance (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accommodation_(eye)) over a larger range than the effect of color aberration, so the eye _could_ optimize for having optimal focus for blue light or vary that over time.
(https://www.osapublishing.org/josa/abstract.cfm?uri=josa-68-... indicates humans can learn to do that in the lab)