you can write concise Java, and don't need to use Spring or similar. even then (and arguably especially then), Java IDEs (intellij, netbeans, eclipse) are a huge win since they natively speak the strong static typing and AST, allowing you to refactor much more aggressively than you otherwise could
netbeans is my personal favorite - you can throw (at least, on low end hardware) 50ish large interconnected codebases at it (microservices, libraries, frameworks, etc) and it can find usages / change signatures / rename across all of them with almost perfect results (reflection, serialization and unsafe usages are the only places i've seen them miss). intellij isn't quite as seamless for that many projects, but the code understanding is similar
netbeans is my personal favorite - you can throw (at least, on low end hardware) 50ish large interconnected codebases at it (microservices, libraries, frameworks, etc) and it can find usages / change signatures / rename across all of them with almost perfect results (reflection, serialization and unsafe usages are the only places i've seen them miss). intellij isn't quite as seamless for that many projects, but the code understanding is similar