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sgml is the precursor to XML, with dsssl as the precursor of XSLT and DTD as the precursor to XML schema and relax-ng.

The first "final" sgml standard document was published in 1986, the initial draft was available in 1980.

http://www.sgmlsource.com/history/sgmlhist.htm

The first html spec was thus accompanied with a DTD.

CERN was heavily involved in the sgml standardization, thus it was natural for Tim Berners-Lee at cern to go the sgml route with html.



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