I have a strong feeling that the US has missiles stationed in both Japan and Korea, which is about the same as putting them in Taiwan for this comparison
Any missiles there have historically grown up with the CCP. Japan had an SDF --so the US's presence was added deterrent. In Korea we have the excuse of N Korea being a menace. As part of the negotiations during the collapse of the USSR, US officials acknowledged the Russian request that there be no NATO missiles in proximity of the RU border. GW Bush laughed it off and so did Obama.
Even Canada does not share nuclear weapons with the US. That genuinely surprised me. US and Canada have unbelievably interconnected militaries -- see NORAD and various Artic zone military bases.