Duplicate bridge cards are often printed with barcodes on the card faces, to facilitate automated dealing machines with computerised hand records. I've never seen a system which reads the barcodes for a blind player, but I'm sure it's possible. (The traditional approach is with a human 'card turner' assisting, which sucks for all kinds of reasons). Or even just reading the standard face images: it's a much easier problem than reading codes on the edges, and has the advantage of not making it easier to cheat!
Normal cards are a solved issue. You can print two braille symbols on each and it is done. Imagine though something like cards against humanity for example, where the text on the card would take ten times the space in braille. In different games images and details could have different meaning and simple ocr would be the wrong solution.
If the QR codes or whatever are on the faces and only encode information already printed there (suit+rank for standard cards, the title and text for board games) I can't imagine there would be any cheating/unauthorised information problems.
Combined with a system like [0] on a head-mounted device with earbuds, it could make many card games accessible to blind and partially sighted people! No idea if this prototype was ever put into production though.