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Universal Paperclips (decisionproblem.com)
403 points by FPGAhacker on Nov 3, 2022 | hide | past | favorite | 170 comments



A warning to fellow HNers that are not familiar with universal paperclips. Please don’t click the link as it will create a black time hole that will start absorbing your time and reduce your productivity.

Be warned that this isn’t a naive lazy clicker game, it’s an instrument of destruction from the future, created by our paperclip overlords :-)


I've played through UP twice. When it comes to time sinks, it's nowhere near the ultimate death spiral that is Kittens Game. To date it has taken me about 5 times as long as a UP playthrough (and 500+ lines of JS automation which I seem to have to tweak every day to deal with the changing economy) and I don't seem to be anywhere near the end.


I'm happy to have not tried Kittens and will stay away from it. UP wasn't too bad. It was a time sink until I played all the way through it, and then wasn't too bad. The murderous game for me was 2048. I had to block the site in /etc/hosts to break out of the game. More recently, duckduckgo has embedded it as an easter egg in their search screen, so it's harder to block that way.

I also waste time on chess puzzles, lichess.org/training , but that isn't so bad since it's easier to pull away, and I felt for a while like it was helping my game, and decided to count that as improving my mind, as contrasted with 2048 which is pure inanity.


In terms of time commitment, Kittens was tops (I had the game running for close to a year in the background), but in terms of enjoyment, I have to say my favorite incremental game is Idle Loops: https://omsi6.github.io/loops/


The 2048 author used to hang around here. I am sure he would be glad to give you back all the time he took from you with his black sorcery!


The way I broke out of addiction to the Kittens game is by using save game editors, which I warmly recommend.

Before that, I have spent days with it piggybacking on my brainwaves. But after that, I lost interest, feeling overwhelmed with the complexity of the game.


I only broke my Diablo 2 addiction in college when I used one of those tools that drives your character on Mephisto runs to scum drops.

In the course of one night running it unattended, I got the two items I'd been looking for for weeks. Cheating at the game broke me out of the Skinner box overnight.


I had a hard time with that one. I tried leaving the CD at the office, but late at night when the withdrawal kicked in I ended up driving to the office and fetching it anyway. I truly felt like the meta-story of the game was that the CD itself was the crystal and the player was the traveler.


I like your quitting story. I quit when my very high level character died, in hardcore mode. Thinking about the hours that went into that character was horrifying.


I generally play “roguelike” games (the most important criterion of which, in my opinion, is permadeath), and I often feel the same way.. the thing is that I feel that way win or lose.


This has been one of the only consistently successful techniques to break game addictions.


This is more or less how I play incremental games. Play until I realize how much time I’m wasting, then switch over to figuring out how to hack the game.

There is always a way :)


OMG!Why did you do it! Why did you mention the kittens!

Before this moment, I was blissfully ignorant and had time to get things done, time to take walks in the sun with my wife,

And now, now, mrweow!


Oh my god, I put my phone down for a few minutes and killed 10 kittens.

Why did you do this to me?


oh my sweet winter child, you have not even begun to accidentally.


By played through, do you mean you got to the top corner of the universes? Did you get also all of the artifacts or complete all of the universes? (I’m not sure what counts as played through.) I did maybe a dozen universes and got a handful of artifacts before I bailed and deleted the game.


The "universe map" with the artefacts is a mobile app only feature. [1] The browser version just has an ending choice that lets you restart with slightly different variables (in my case it was 10% higher demand)

[1]:https://universalpaperclips.fandom.com/wiki/Artifacts


Ahh, I’d played browser years ago and mobile more recently. I assumed it was a feature added since my browser play through.


I don't remember anything about artifacts; I just went to the web page and there were no further buttons to click to continue playing - I'd have to reset.


Oh come on now!!! Why did you have to mention Kittens Game, I've got actual work to do. Who has the time to gather catnip during their normal working hours...oh look a new kitten has joined my village :-)


Kittens Game is so amazingly brutal. Numbers go up, but at what cost!

(hundreds of hours)


I'm on year 37,000 of my current reset; 3k more will get me the last achievement with a star. Of course in the meantime they added some new challenges...


I've played KG for over a year IRL. Run number 18, over 19k in game years.

I want to get back in but a lot has changed and I'm struggling to recall all the details to be able to pick it back up and what I should focus on. Any tips?


Just pick your favourite auto-clicker and some way to run the game when you are not at the computer.

I'm using Kitten Scientists (which is buggy but at least it works) and running a three concurrent games on two remote machines.


> I'm using Kitten Scientists (which is buggy but at least it works) and running a three concurrent games on two remote machines.

Holy shit


Still, Kittens Game is nothing to the death spiral distilled into its true form in Antimatter Dimensions. If there was ever a piece of software which warranted getting classified as weaponry, it'd be this.


Have you ever played Trimps? Started a week ago and I'm hooked... I wish it had better mobile support though.


Just tried a wee bit of Kittens Game. It’s like A Dark Room, but with kittens! There’s my time gone.


Reading this while drinking from a universal paperclips mug, I can only sigh and agree.


Counterpoint: Do go play Universal Paperclips. It's a long term play. You'll lose a week or so immersed in it... but it's so good that then you'll lose any taste or desire for any of the other clicker games designed for longer time spans.


It's about 10 hours in playtime if your being casual.

More if your bad.

Speedrunners have it at about 1.5 hours


I'd say it took me ~3 days to complete in my first run (a few hours of play for 3 days).

I've got it down to about 3 hours. Not speedrun worthy, but yeah, proof that the game is short enough to complete in one sitting if you know what you're doing.


Me: What is this... I don't get it....[clicks around]

Me 2 min later: Well, shit.... there goes my morning....

Me 20 min later: What the hell, I've already spent 20 minutes on this thing?!?

Edit: Okay, all jokes aside.... I just spent a whole hour on this. Seriously.... holy cow....


See you next week


Update: I'm back. nearly 8 hours later.... I finished/beat the game. sigh.... back to work.....(but it was fun while it lasted)


If you’ve got the time it’s a quaint meditation in unbounded exponential growth. Besides, a future without hypnodrones is no future at all.


That’s exactly what a hypnodrone would say


It's bounded, eventually we all must succumb to the drift...


Laughs in Factorio.

Honestly I think that's a game made to destroy technological economies.


Haha, what a funny thought. It's like a special productivity poison, takes some percentage of your engineers and just deactivates them. That sounds like a great premise for a sci fi short, aliens sending some nerd-snipe super stimulus to soften up Earth.


From the Wikipedia article about the multi-armed bandit problem:

>Originally considered by Allied scientists in World War II, it proved so intractable that, according to Peter Whittle, the problem was proposed to be dropped over Germany so that German scientists could also waste their time on it.[13]


"General, the Allies have dropped pamphlets containing what our top scientists are calling a memetic infohazard."

"An infohazard? Have the eggheads come up with a new term for propaganda, we've got people to handle this stuff, why are you bringing it up to me?"

"Well, sir, they say this time it's different. It's not propaganda for ordinary citizens, it's a distraction for scientists and technical personal."

"Okay ... do they have any recommendations?"

"Yes sir, they say the only thing we need to do is make sure that the eggheads don't read it."

"That's it? Well, these are men of science and discipline, that should be easy. Issue the order. I wonder why they thought it was so important that you would have to interrupt me."

"I couldn't say, sir. They seemed quite agitated."

Meanwhile, in the lab.

"So, this folder contains an enemy memetic infohazard. In order to prevent it from taking effect we've been ordered to not read it."

Several scientists give knowing glances to each other.

"A real memetic infohazard? I wonder how they accomplished that?" The scientist moves towards the folder.

"Wait, what are you doing? We're not supposed to read it."

"It's fine. I'll be the only one reading it and then I'll let you guys know what I find." The scientist opens the folder and looks at the papers within while making several 'hmm' sounds. "Hey, Frank, what do you think of this."

"No, you said you would be the only one!"

"Just me and Frank. Don't be a wet blanket."

Frank begins to look over the papers, "You know, I bet this applies to what Sarah has been working on. Let's go talk to her."

"Wait, no. You just said ..."

"Me, Frank, and Sarah, no big deal." The scientists leave the room with the folder.


Hello fellow SCP agents. We're supposed to keep our involvement with the SCP foundation hidden. This antimemetic sentence will take care of any leaks ;-)


This kind of leak is unacceptable. Everyone here is going to be in for a carpeting on Mahogany Row with the Auditors by the next paperclip audit.


perfect, reads like a story by qntm


This is the plot of an Alastair MacLean novel involving a mysterious electronic device that was supposed to be "lost" to the Soviets (the guy they choose to lose it wasn't told about that bit and turned out to be pretty good at the job he thought he had).


I love Alastair MacLean's stuff! What was it called?


I remembered wrongly, it's Running Blind by Desmond Bagley. Mostly set in Iceland.


> It's like a special productivity poison, takes some percentage of your engineers and just deactivates them.

http://play.elevatorsaga.com/ (protip: don't share this in your company's slack during rush times...)


You might be reading these comments and going like - huh, seems a lot of people agreeing, now I HAVE TO SEE IT.

Don't. You have been warned.


Reminds me of a term I came up with years ago: Engineer Critical Mass. As soon as you get X or more engineers standing around looking at something, you will start increasingly attracting more engineers at a rate proportional to the current size of the group. Kind of like a lower level "stiction" for inquisitive gravity.

At my last job X=3 and we had around 40 engineers on-site so it was pretty dangerous.

At my current job X~5 maybe but we only have 2 engineers on-site, so it's safe.


I lost about a week to it the first time. It was worth it.

Never has a game made its point so well as universal paperclips.


I've seen it, and it didn't grab me. I think I'm a special kind of stupid. Whew.


And your comment reinforced his thought. Now I HAVE to see what it is.


Found this several times over the year$. I cannot lose another day to universal paperclip domination. not today paperclips, not today....


6 hours later...


Well, I just spent 7 hours on it before reading this warning, thanks for nothing you sick bastard!

Just kidding! I just genocided a whole universe into paperclips. I've never BEEN more productive! OR MORE SELF LOATHING! SHRIEKS THE 'THRENODY FOR THE HEROES OF THE BATTLE OF SHA"DUIN'


That is truth and fact... Take it from the UP survivors: don't start


Although I've played it before, I was sucked into the black hole.


At the very least, do _not_ do this during work hours. It looks like something you can knock out on a quick break. It is not.


I clicked the button until it said 30, clicked all the other buttons a few times and nothing happened, then closed the tab. I guess I'm immune.

When does it get interesting?


It gets interesting once you see that hypno drones are something that you can save up for and buy. You're an AI, so the ability to influence the humans around you is useful.

You'll need somewhat more than 30 paperclips to get the full story.


So, the first thing happens at 31? 500?


The first interesting thing happens when you have $5 of available funds. (Specifically, autoclippers become available to purchase.)

When precisely you hit that point depends on how well you are managing the price to balance ensuring that your unsold inventory is getting purchased reasonably quickly against getting a reasonable amount of money per unit sold, but it will probably be less than a minute.


Thank you. May give it another look after work.


I don't know. I'm at 16,285 and stuff is happening. If you optimize your price and invest in auto clippers it shouldn't take too long to really get rolling.

If the available inventory is bouncing off of 0 your price is too low, if it's growing, it's too high, so you (as an AI) are learning about market clearing price right now. Later, you'll learn other things.


50 or 100


>it will create a black time hole that will start absorbing your time and reduce your productivity.

You can use Selenium and automate it or an user script.


I am one of the (lucky?) 10000. Productivity was definitely diminished in the latter half of my day.


My UP playthrough completed in about 28 hours :)


Related:

Universal Paperclips - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29496595 - Dec 2021 (82 comments)

Universal Paperclips – play the role of an AI programmed to produce paperclips - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27121348 - May 2021 (2 comments)

Universal Paperclips - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26524117 - March 2021 (1 comment)

A filmmaker thinks he can turn Universal Paperclips into a movie (2019) - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=24405682 - Sept 2020 (2 comments)

Universal Paperclips - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=24389655 - Sept 2020 (84 comments)

Universal Paperclips - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=22394560 - Feb 2020 (1 comment)

The Unexpected Philosophical Depths of the Clicker Game Universal Paperclips - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=19513089 - March 2019 (52 comments)

Universal Paperclips – A Paperclip Production Simulator - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=15439569 - Oct 2017 (3 comments)


Seems like it gets popular about once a year.


I’ve read there’s a push to legalize cocaine. I’m willing to make Universal Paperclips illegal in exchange for cocaine legalization. Overall harm reduction.


You know what else gets you a lot of harm reduction, for (almost) any given utility function? Hypnodrones.


> legalize cocaine

It's legal already, just scheduled and controlled.


After 30 minutes I managed to close the browser. I feel like I danced with the devil, but then managed to run out and get in an Uber while they were in the bathroom.


If you've never played it, it's worth finishing once for the "story" and takes less than 10 hours if you grok exponential growth quick enough.


There's an optimal path that can get you to the end in 3 to 4 hours.

Really, it's about getting to space then being able to configure your drones to survive fights and explore.


How many playthroughs did it take for you to find this?


One is enough.

Though technically it was too, I accidentally restarted the first through the in-game restart modes.

Second one I just blatantly gave myself enough money to get to the monstrous amounts of clippers so it takes only minutes to proceed to the second part.

But it's worth to see the both endings.


I replayed it last week and managed under 6 hours (2nd time). Probably some poor ordering of perks; plus I shut off the auto-bet thing to find I needed a lot more of the resource it provided. Otherwise I found this playthrough pretty straightforward, and could probably do it in a few hours now.


Does it have a branch where you hack your own utility function and gain +infinity utility?


Kinda!


There's an app version if that floats your boat...


Have there been any recent, good games of this genre?

It seems to have reached a peak with Cookie Clicker, Kittens Game, A Dark Room and Universal Paperclips, others I've tried have been poor in comparison.


Clickers cross over with idle/incremental games. Both genres are rife with dark patterns and player exploitation, but there are some notable exceptions.

Reactor Incremental takes the concepts from IndustrialCraft 2's nuclear reactors and pushes it far. I think it's the peak of the 2D geometry geometric growth optimizer genre.

https://www.kongregate.com/games/cael/reactor-incremental

I've wanted to make my own for a while but I haven't thought of a way to overcome the what I think is the main issue with the genre: waiting. Instead of running constantly a design could run instantly at the cost of some credits. The better the design the more investment credits you would get in return. Balance would have to heavily favor investment in design changes in between runs to avoid the game switching from an incremental idler to an incremental clicker. Perhaps the player would need to spend a type of credit that you only get from design modification to run a round.

Basically: I want a 2D geometry optimizer incremental game that isn't an idler or a clicker.

There is also a lot of room for creativity in this space. I think the ceiling can be really raised with things like multiblocks. Imagine something like a fusion reactor where you need confinement blocks and heating blocks. There is no prescriptive layout, just some rules needed for it to work and performance would depend on the layout.


I assume you’ve played Factorio?

It would be interesting to play Factorio on a very small map, with some mechanic where you get to duplicate items you’ve managed to produce - the idea being that you are continuously tearing down older parts of your factory so you can build new production lines, and always being constrained by space.

I couldn’t really get into Reactor Incremental in the time I had today, it took me too long to understand how to get going. I’ll give it another go this weekend.


I couldn't get that Reactor Incremental to load in order to compare it, but what you're describing sounds like https://factoryidle.com/ which I love


Thanks! That does seem up my street.


Yep, for many hours.

Reactor games scratch a different itch. It's all about maximizing heat dissipation.


Pardon my ignorance, but are reactor games a specific sub-genre of these games in itself? Are there other examples I can play?


There are, but I would not play any of them. They are both predatory and bad.

There's always the OG reactor planner (or just industrialcraft2 or gregtech if you have more time).

https://github.com/MauveCloud/Ic2ExpReactorPlanner


>> I want a 2D geometry optimizer incremental game that isn't an idler or a clicker.

Wilmot's Warehouse perhaps.


Not that recent, but another 2 good games are: Evolve ( https://pmotschmann.github.io/Evolve/ ) start as cells, evolve to humans (or anything), craft stuff, conquer space

Swarm Simulator ( https://www.swarmsim.com/ ) breed bugs, eat meat, consume universe


Kittens has been by far the most interesting for me - because the various loops are so different and the concept of "resetting". It's the only one I've played with for longer than a few days, because somehow I don't feel like I've "lost out" if I stop for a week.


Not recent but in terms of distilling the technical aspect of the genre: Antimatter Dimensions.

I'd also add Candy Box and Candy Box 2/to your list of early influential games.


Antimatter Dimensions is another really good one, focused on different kinds of prestiges and BIIIG numbers and by big I mean 1e100000 big


https://danielyxie.github.io/bitburner/ has really great visual style, exciting story, various interesting game mechanics and internal programming language to automate stuff.


I've really been enjoying Leaf Blower Revolution. it's a very long term game. I've been playing it for maybe 2 or 3 months, checking it every day, and I still have a lot to do. To be fair, it slows down A LOT, but it's still fun.



Another productivity black hole: Antimatter Dimensions

https://ivark.github.io/


Also available as an android app (tweaked with arguably better pacing in the early game).

I started around a week ago, it's definitely one of the better incremental games out there right now.


It's personally my favorite incremental game. And the Android app is even more dangerous, because you can procrastinate anytime, anywhere (plus the interface is arguably better than the web app)


That's a great little idle game. There's some real challenges that are tricky to complete and it doesn't penalise you for not keeping it running - you can just leave it churning away and return to it later. My one complaint is that the "Studies" has a "To be continued" button at the bottom, but it hasn't been yet.


I can finish UP in a day if I really lean into it. This one takes weeks to get through, and I've done it multiple times.


Nope. You will not suck me back in. Not today!


Maybe you could just leave it in another window…


Haha I know, I had to hurriedly close the tab as soon as I saw the paperclip box.



This did indeed consume my day whole, but it was amazing. This is one of the best games I have ever played. The shift in scale is funny and shocking and it's a nice way to experience principles like supply and demand. Its great at transitioning between different games that all kind of have something to do with paperclips, but are essentially different, though in the same genre. And it does it with almost unstyled buttons and text and not much more. I'll buy a shirt!


I just finished it too. It was really an unproductive but happy day.



Nooooo! Can anyone remove this post? I can't stand another round of paperclip addiction!!!!! HEEEEEEELP!!!


I just lost 4 engineers (including myself) a whole afternoon of work to this :(


This game reminds me of Candy Box! https://candies.aniwey.net/ and https://candybox2.github.io/


Wow the games was great, and now they are still great.


This game provides more satisfaction than solving a difficult coding contest problem. Some may treat it as a time sink; I see it as an allegory for our species as a whole. Is this the logical conclusion for humanity? To make paperclips?


This reminds me of another excellent time sink game: http://clickingbad.nullism.com/


> Investment engine upgraded, expected profit/loss ratio now 0.5800000000000001|

Wonderful!


Oh that's just great - I was planning to muck about with some odd coding tonight, but I guess I'll be playing this (awesome) game again.


Give me a laptop with Universal Paperclips and No Man's Sky?

There's not enough Diet Coke in the world to fuel the time I'd waste.


I'm a big fan of the genre, but is there a sub genre term to describe games that:

- Generally have minimalist art styles - Have progression in the UI as complexity unlocks and changes the perspective and scale of the game - no ads or IAP - otherwise is a blend of clicker and incremental idler game?


What a wonderfully fun and dangerous thing to find during the workday.


Is this related to John Sterman's Beer Game?

i.e. Supply/demand chain modelling?

https://mitsloan.mit.edu/teaching-resources-library/mit-sloa...


Ah shit, here we go again.


YOU STOP THAT RIGHT NOW


It's a very interesting optimization problem to try to beat such games in the least time possible.

I once created a much simpler/discrete/deterministic simulation (https://qewasd.com/) and someone showed me how to solve it optimally with a linear MILP solver. I have no idea what kind of modeling and optimization approach would be suitable for this.


Oh, god, not again, I was intending to do work today.


It could be worse, you could have just lost The Game.

...oops!


One thing I enjoyed was to write some automation to play UP. That became another game for me in its own right.


I hope you realized the irony.


Oh that sounds even more fun. How did you do it? Would love to play around with it!


HN needs Universal Paperclips to convince us that reading or commenting here most days for years on end is a better use of our lives. It's simulations all the way down.


Wow! This game is amazing, It'll suck your time away though~


It was the first time I have seen some numbers.

I elected to destroy those bad probes and not to go to the new universe. I'm done with this game.


Okay this stole my day as well, but honestly I'm impressed by the creativity and also the performance of the thing


It still doesn't save state between reloads or prevent accidentally page refreshes and that makes me sad(still)


huh? Universal Paperclips has persisted states between reloads for a long time. I just went there and picked back up from my 6 months-ago game.


Discovered this a few months ago, have lost so many hours of my life to doing it over and over.


I ran through it 100 times, that was enough. Long covid gives you lots of time for silly things like that. 8(


Looks fun, but I'm too lazy to not open the js console and type: clipClick(100)


This, together with lichess, allowed me to wasted 50% of my day... \0/


Has anyone attempted yet to run a reinforcement learning strategy on it?


Tab crashed when quantum something option appeared. Never again.


Wow. 4 hours of my life have disappeared.


Thanks, just lost 7 hours of time.


There goes my afternoon. Thanks!


this is game is why i figured out how to use xdotool to make an autoclicker


Like this kind of game.


Please! Not again!

....too late...


I can't help but cheat in this game, the source is there, in well written javascript, after a while, I go, "well I will just get over this next hump and give myself a few dozen dingleberrys(or whatever resource is next in the techtree)", after all the only person I am hurting is myself... And it is a clicker game... The lowest and most insidious form of gaming.

Honestly at this point I see it as a feature.


What I love is that this exact behavior is one of the minor problems of advanced AI. How can we make sure that a sufficiently advanced AI doesn't just edit it's reward center? Usually called wire-heading or reward hacking. Humans do it too :)


Isn't that what the cocaine is for?


That's basically just a matter of the inputs and outputs of the AI.


If the AI has sufficient "real life" access, think a robot body, then it can do wire-heading. Assuming it is smarter than us, and we have thought of this idea - it will also think of this idea. Now it doesn't have a reason anymore to do anything else (except maybe kill all humans so that we don't stop it from wire-heading).


Not necessarily; the AI could figure out how to change the world - without achieving the task - such that the RF is maximized.


Like in the NI case, it's conceivable that only the most rudimentary artificial intellects will fall pray to this self hacking.

Trully intelligent agents will be capable of introspection and self-defined goals and rewards. You know, just like a certain species of ape, hard wired for banana maximization, the descendants of which sometimes dream of visiting Mars.


And yet said species is notoriously known for its inability to make long term plans, is easily controlled by its own libido and dopamine circuits.

Actually, if we are being honest with ourselves, that ape is constantly falling prey to its own capacity to adjust its goals. Take for example the issues that come with porn addiction; the issues are a consequence of dopamine seeking behaviour where the person keeps seeking more and more extreme ways to satisfy their urges; ie hedonistic adaptation.

Even what you mentioned, dreaming of visiting mars is to some degree a goal motivated and mediated by dopaminergic circuits; novelty, exploration - like sex - feed dopamine circuits.

I can recommend the book "The molecule of more".

Introspection is very limited and can be even motivated by the circuits themselves; the person can only achieve an outline of their actions to change their software, but can't inspect and manipulate individual synapses. In the same vein, a software can not inspect itself and predict its own outputs and modify them at runtime etc etc.


Sure, but if I was able to modify the type of activity that gave me my dopamine rewards, I'd use it to reward longer term planning and growth type of activity, more than the ape stuff.


> after all the only person I am hurting is myself... And it is a clicker game...

I would argue the "hurting" part of that first sentence is being compelled to spend hours playing a clicker game that you would have liked to spend elsewhere.

At least that's how clicker games work for me: I don't even enjoy my time playing them, they just hook me against the wishes of 99% of my brain activity (but apparently not the 1% of my brain that decides where I spend my time)


That's how I ascended in NetHack the first time — reading the source code. There were quite a few things there that I don't think I would've ever discovered otherwise.


The funny thing about Cookie Clicker (not UP) is that getting over the next hump doesn't change the game at all. A few words change, a few colors change, an old meter fills more often, but a new meter appears. You're not even hurting yourself.


Well, there's probably a period in there where the grandmas still experience pain in a way that you or I would recognize, they're probably being hurt then.


It just says

"Paperclips: 30,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000"

What does that even mean?


Probably means that you played and completed it some time ago, and the state is still in your browser's Local Storage. (Mine was too)


The atoms in my brain must have been recycled into paperclips


It means a lot of paperclips (about 20% the mass of the observable universe by my calculations, assuming 1 gram per paperclip and using Wikipedia's definition of 1.5e53 kg for the observable universe).


Yeah it means he won the game. Sadly your post is a major spoiler for those new to this wonderful game.


It's thankfully not a huge spoiler, the title alone practically gives it away. It's all the twists on the way there that is really enjoyable to uncover, in my opinion.


I'm new to this game and I have no idea what this means - so I guess I avoided the spoiler...




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