> Work from home has some employee benefits, but has higher direct and abstract costs for the employer.

Ah come on now. Instead of my employer paying for a space for me to sit in central London, the electricity and internet connection, I pay for those things myself. Instead of wasting time on a train I get a bit of work done before most people are online.

The only costs are in the crocodile tears of middle management who cannot advance themselves simply by growing their headcount.