The former. If you want text, other languages are available.

If you really want to use a keyboard, Tosh exists, effectively acting as an alternative front-end for Scratch https://tosh.blob.codes/

If even using a keyboard is too much effort, I have a Python library for doing Scratch metaprogramming and code generation, with optional vscode integration: https://github.com/davidBuchanan314/boiga

I've used it to write non-trivial Scratch programs, such as X25519 key exchange with ChaCha20-Poly1305 authenticated encryption https://scratch.mit.edu/projects/714773326/

> If you really want to use a keyboard, Tosh exists, effectively acting as an alternative front-end for Scratch https://tosh.blob.codes/

I really wish this was a bit more robust. I would like to use it as a bridge between Scratch and Python or Javascript, getting kids in the habit of typing things using syntax they are already intimately familiar with.

But the project is just a bit too buggy. I've had variables randomly not appear, sounds not import, etc.

This is in no way a criticism of the developer who created tosh as a passion project, it's just a lament. Tosh is so close to being a fantastic tool.

Not anything officially supported, but there are some community tools to do that, tosh[0] and Scratch Addons'[1] "Insert blocks by name" addon comes to mind

[0] https://tosh.blob.codes/ [1] https://scratchaddons.com/ (It's a browser extension chalk full of little enhancements for Scratch)