I haven't tried it myself, but it looks like several are already looking at implementing machine learning with WebGPU, and that this is one of the goals of WebGPU. Some info I found:

* "WebGPU powered machine learning in the browser with Apache TVM" - https://octoml.ai/blog/webgpu-powered-machine-learning-in-th...

* "Fastest DNN Execution Framework on Web Browser" https://mil-tokyo.github.io/webdnn/

* "Google builds WebGPU into Chrome to speed up rendering and AI tasks" https://siliconangle.com/2023/04/07/google-builds-webgpu-chr...