Seriously. This is easier than SQL Injection! Props to Egor for finding it and showing how stupid it is. I cracked up at his "is it really interesting?" line. It makes me wonder if this was a well-known vuln to less-than-classy folk who have already done some damage elsewhere on GitHub.
A similar problem (in Perl) lead us to fork LedgerSMB from SQL-Ledger in part because the author of SQL-Ledger had trouble fixing it....
The thing is that this really belongs to a class of vulnerabilities where authentication information is inadequately tied together on the server. This allows any user with valid credentials to fabricate credentials for any other user. In SL it was worse because all you needed was the timestamp and not, say, a valid password, but the same applies.
One thing I will say is that this sort of vulnerability IME suggests inadequate thinking relative to security (and probably other things) on the part of the application designer and therefore raises questions in my mind as to what else may be lurking there.