We already have laws for when people are criminally negligent.
You want people incentivized to participate in safety culture, not motivated to frame others or destroy evidence to save their jobs.
People will always make mistakes and have poor judgment sometimes. That will never go away, and punishing people will not stop it. A robust safety culture expects this to happen, and builds in mechanisms to catch problems.
That doesnt seem to be the current IS state when it comes to certain companies. Some dont have a safety culture on company level but one of corruption and economically viable malpractice. Which means the negative effects you describe are already happening.
Once policing fails to stop their trend economic pressure is really the only thing that is left. Especially if policing failed due to said company being able to use economic power to influence the policymakers and the people tasked with enforcing those policies.
As long as people buy stuff from companies with a negative safety culture that have political pull, they dont have an incentive to change. I dont see an alternative to boycotting these dangerous malfunctioning actors.
edit: Or to get to your initial wording, this isnt about how to deal with people making errors or having poor judgement but people acting with intent for economic reasons.
Of which as mentioned previously by Miraste/flight 261 regarding Alaska were not implemented clearly and cleanly given that the person who raised the alarm of ghr situation was fired and the situation continued onwards
Right now regarding boeing there are also boeing whistleblowers in new NGOs set up to police boeing malpractice... If only laws work and this weren't necessary, as boeing also has bribed faa staff to achieve their own objectives risking public safety
