I saw the title and thought it was Markarian's Chain (not to be confused with Markov's Chain) but it's not.
I thought I'd share this picture I took of 19 galaxies rising over Mt. Lassen with a 500mm lens. It is stacked and tracked (separately for ground and sky) but the composition is unaltered. Many of these galaxies are 1/4 to 1/2 the size of a full moon, just too dim to see with the naked eye.
Wow, that's superb. It really helps me try to visualise the size they appear in the sky. Obviously I still can't truly wrap my head around the scale of everything, but it's a start.
That is brilliant, thank you so much for sharing. The galaxies’ enormous size is truly jaw dropping. I had absolutely no idea they were this large, in the night sky.
Have you ever seen them live, though an image intensifier / night vision system? I feel there would be something profound about seeing a galaxy with my own (albeit enhanced) eyes.
I don't have a night vision system so haven't tried that on Markarian's chain. What is much easier for naked eye vision is the Andromeda galaxy, which is much closer. It is actually about 6 times the visual size of a full moon in the sky, though with naked eye in a dark enough place you can barely see the fuzzy blob of a core with off-center vision. You can see the core more clearly with binoculars. However it will look small because you are only looking at the core. The magnificant spiral arms are what extend around that core 6 times the size of a moon. You can easily see the spiral structure with a consumer full frame camera. A star tracker will produce a crystal clear image of it, but without a tracker, a short exposure and high ISO can still show its existence. Even a 50mm or 100mm lens is enough to make it out. At 500mm it will fill the whole frame almost corner-to-corner. It's huge.
Keep in mind galaxies are extremely low density on average. So even though Andromeda has about 1 trillion stars, it's still mostly vacuum with lightyears of distance between adjacent stars inside it. So it appears much, much, much dimmer than the individual stars in the sky from our own galaxy.
I am lucky enough to live in a place that I can see the night sky as it should be.
It takes time to be able ‘see’ the Milky Way. And what made it easy to understand was seeing andromeda through binoculars.
Realising that if I was in andromeda looking back at the Milky Way it would look the same. I could then understand that I wasn’t looking at the Milky Way, but part of it and looking out.
The only time I've seen things is from using one of Sony's mirrorless cameras with ultra high ISO while attached directly to a telescope. Things that would normally take long exposures were visible in realtime. I haven't tried using that with a wide angle lens. Would be interesting thing to try
I find the unity of structures here quite re-assuring. It tends to say that large spinning masses of largely undifferentiated neutrons (or whatever) become structures which reflect both their spin, and gravity, and how the neutron stew decays as it cools.
If there was only one, I'd be surprised. If we see many of more detailed forms but they tend to a common pattern, "thats physics"
The only thing "dark matter" and "dark energy" have going for them is unfalsifiability for our type 0.5 civilization. Keep in mind that general relativity isn't actually even fully worked out for real systems.
> The only thing "dark matter" and "dark energy" have going for them is unfalsifiability for our type 0.5 civilization.
I don't think that's fair at all. Neither phenomenon is unfalsifiable.
By definition, dark matter an unknown gravitational effect. It's not fundamentally unfalsifiable, we just don't know what's causing it. The assumption is difficult-to-detect matter seems most likely because theories like MOND which suggest that "maybe gravity works differently from how we thought" are being investigated actively and just don't seem very likely so far.
Every time I dive into the virtual endlessness of deep space, I feel so blessed knowing we’re part of something beautiful. Cold. Brutal. Terrifying. Not even a pale blue dot, just a nothing but still something.
If you’ve got a Mac you can set it up as a live wallpaper and have it scroll across the image over the course of the day. I’m sure there’s a better way to do it but this is how I’ve done it with other Webb images in the past.
Not the same but all galaxies billions of light years are part bare many similarities. I fathom the way things seem to mirror each other in the universe, civilizations will also be similar to our own. Given they all have exact rules of physics and math.
Or they are seeded by the same people. Yeah, I recently re-watched Stargate.
As far as the exact rules of physics, we're built for 1G. We keep finding Super Earths where gravity would be more than 1G. How would those same physics and math work out for civilizations?
That's just because our current way of finding exoplanets works best with heavier planets. There could be billions of earth-like planets but we can't (yet) find them effectively.
Is about 4.5k pixels(as published)/0.04 degrees (2.4 arcmin) a side so 360 degrees of that would be an image with 40 million pixel sides unless I fatfingered something in calculator.
First I assume you mean a '360 x 360 degree' image - meaning you don't want a circle, but a sphere. [0]
Second, much of your image would not be useful, obstructed by the Sun, Moon, Earth, and all that direct and reflected sunlight. I suppose JWST, being in L2, follows the Earth's orbit around the Sun. Over a year, does L2 allow a clear view of the entire celestial sphere?
Third, the number of pixels would seem to depend very much on the chosen depth of focus. I don't know what the zoom levels are, but theoretically it could snap a nice, sharp wide-angle shot of the entire unobstructed sky. (I don't think wide angle is really JWST's mission - more high zoom to spots over 13 billion light years away, but I also don't know much about its optics.)
[0] What is the proper mathematical expression instead of the awkward '360x360 degrees'? what do astronomers and airplane pilots use? I can't think of one atm, but there must be one? A spherical coordinate system for direction, analogous to degrees of a circle?
If you're going to yell at someone, at least do your own calculation so you can prove they're wrong first, please?
Total Sky Area=4π×(2π360)^2×60^2 = 148,510,660 square arcminutes (you can also look this up easily)
NIRCam has 9.7 square arcminutes FOV (Yes, I double checked this)
NIRCam resolution is 2048 × 2048 x 2 modules for 2.4–5.0 µm (there are lots of different cameras and modules you could look at to make this estimate, but for a sense of magnitude this will work. If you looked at 0.6–2.3 µm that would be roughly 4x as many pixels for the 8 modules, I think? Again, napkin math for fun.)
Total FoVs Needed = 148,510,660.8 / 9.7 ≈ 15,310,377 FoVs
Total Pixels = (2048×2048×2)×15,310,377 ≈ 128,432,754,096,706 pixels
LLMs used to be quite awful at math. Now they're solving quite complicated problems with sophisticated plugins. This is a simple and straightforward calculation, just getting the FOV and its resolution and then projecting that onto a sphere. And, yes, I probably should have posted the full calculation, it's definitely more interesting to see it all written out.
What I'm complaining about is LLMs becoming so normalized that people are using them for even basic intellectual tasks and trusting them implicitly, and apparently (judging from the downvotes) being defensive about the premise that they should even consider doing otherwise.
I've seen people post results from ChatGPT with confidence only to realize they get another result if they try again a few more times (of course, they never bothered.) It's a statistical model, in which case the math can never be trusted entirely, or else it's just making an API call to a normal math library, in which case what even is the point? Either way, there are already better tools for the job.
Needing "sophisticated plugins" to do basic math accurately should send people running away screaming from these damned things. I'll concede they have utility but we don't need to abandon our minds, hearts and wills to them entirely.
I got downvotes for not showing the calculation, fair enough, my mistake. I understand the frustration there. And yeah, you've got to check ChatGPT's work and ask for clarification to understand what it did and why.
That said, I disagree with the assertions made in your post. ChatGPT is a great tool for saving time in doing simple research and calculations, as long as you double check it. It wasn't a year ago, but it is now.
I thought I'd share this picture I took of 19 galaxies rising over Mt. Lassen with a 500mm lens. It is stacked and tracked (separately for ground and sky) but the composition is unaltered. Many of these galaxies are 1/4 to 1/2 the size of a full moon, just too dim to see with the naked eye.
https://dheera.net/photos/calnight/#&gid=1&pid=15