Digital is only part of the audio waveform. CD especially is based on 1970s digital audio processing, not even professional quality. Vinyl is a full waveform. Much fuller, bass, drums, and voices.
Technically speaking, there is just no discussion to be had. CD from its very first release offered an orders of magnitude better, more faithful reproduction of a recording than vinyl.
- better signal/noise ratio. Cutting a groove inevitably has limited precision and the waveform will have imperfections. CD is a perfect reproduction each time.
- wear and tear. Every time the needle moves through the groove, imperfections will get worse and more noise is added. CD has error correction built in and even scratching doesn't affect quality (up to a certain point)
- playback speed deviation: CD doesn't suffer from wow/flutter effects
- quality of vinyl decreases toward the inside of the record
Just because the storage medium is analog doesn't translate into a more faithful reproduction of the sound. It mostly leads to more opportunities for distortion and noise.
