They generally do. It is difficult to differentiate "negative tokens don't do that" and "prompt adherence is shaky in general".

It's fully possible that the image model draws eggs in ramen but it doesn't know that the egg is an egg and therefore any attempts to interact with it via the egg token are futile. Generally speaking though thing:-1 should reduce the presence of thing for well understood concepts. It's a better tool on second pass alterations of an image.