The problem isn't friction from the grip (that can occasionally pop up), the issue is when you hit the wrong spot and the energy of the ball gets dumped entirely into your hands instead of evenly distributed through the bat.

That is what padding gloves help with. Though I suspect thick padding causes less control of the bat and so overall isn't worth it.

It just doesn't help that much to be worth the change in mechanics and the compromise on grip strength - too much energy, too quickly to effectively dissipate. I stopped playing competitively in my teens and I still remember how much that hurts.

Padded gloves do throw off your swing / bat "feel". You do now see a lot of guys wearing a little rubber donut thing on the thumb of their top hand. That helps a lot with absorbing the vibration from a mis-hit. It still shivers your hands, but you don't get the piercing pain focused right at the base of your thumb.

[Edit] You do build up some crazy calluses swinging a bat for hours upon hours of practice. They absolutely don't help, like at all, when you strike a ball in on the handle of the bat. It always hurts.

Gloves help, calluses don’t. It’s also a lot worse in the cold.