I was not familiar with the term, so I had to look it up. It's about code like this:
a := b
the `:=` looks vaguely like a walrus. The most common reference language seems to be Python [1]. The usage is for making assignment remain an expression, so you can do stuff like
area = (width := get_width()) * (height := get_height())
or something, and have the top-level expression remain valid since the sub-expressions are assignments that remain expressions, i.e. the assigned value is also the result of the expression.
IIRC he stepped down because he thought it's a good feature and people pointlessly moaned about it. Not because he thought it's controversial and has enough.
I used it a small handful of times. But it also seems like quite a source of footguns. Many examples here: https://github.com/satwikkansal/wtfpython rely on the misuse of the walrus operator.
Go uses "==" for equality checks, "=" for assignments, and ":=" for "declaration/assignment with type inference" - so it's different from both Python (you can use ":=" as part of an expression in Go too, but you can also use "=") and Algol/Pascal (where it's used only for assignment).
In math = is used for equality and := for definition[1] which is probably the closest thing to assignment in a programming language. That is why Pascal and similar languages use = for equality only and := for assignment.
That always made more sense to me than = for assignment and more =s for different kinds of equality, but in the end this syntax discussions are always just bike-shedding.
[1]: https://realpython.com/python-walrus-operator/