Does deleting your account actually remove your photos? I've seen some people claim that you can still load the images if you know the URL. Not sure if it's just a CDN that hasn't expired the content yet or if Instagram really keeps your photos after you "delete" them.

Deleting your account certainly implies that you don't accept the new TOS.

Ah, but the TOS states using the site means you accept it. You have to use the site to delete your account.

The new TOS doesn't come into effect until one month from now.

I wouldn't doubt it. I've Facebook URL of images that were "deleted" year ago, but the links still work. I'm not sure what it would take for the content to actually be removed.

Facebook doesn't delete your images for years (if ever). There are links to photos deleted in 2008 (or perhaps earlier) that still work.