I learned recently about RFC 7710 which specifies a DHCP (v4/v6) and RA option for "You're on a captive portal, here's the website you should visit before you get access": https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7710
Do any of the major implementations of captive portals support it?
RFCs are never anything other than proposed standards, or informational documents. There is no point at which an RFC becomes a “recommended standard” or some such thing.
All internet standards, from IP to HTTP, are proposed standards, it doesn’t actually mean anything about whether they’re generally implemented or not.
Not that I know. My pfSense firewall doesn't have it (IIRC), so my guess would be that poorly maintained router boxes in a hotel basement definitely don't have it.
I'm not sure if the various DHCP clients communicate this properly to the OS or browser even (I wouldn't know how to query for it on Linux)
Do any of the major implementations of captive portals support it?