You shouldn't generalize like this. Even in massive projects visual programming can be enormously helpful. Nobody seriously tries to script game levels in an IDE. Nobody tries to match sprite parameters, which eventually become code, to image files in an IDE. Nobody tries to design GUIs in IDEs.
The right tool for the right job. For 50% of a game's code visual programming is absolutely the right tool. For some other parts it probably isn't.
You seem to be using a different definition of visual programming than the normal one. The article and my comment are talking about visual programming as a graphical representation of code / logic rather than a textual one. Examples would be things like Unreal's Blueprint visual scripting, node based shader editors (Unreal has one of those too) or the Petri nets described in the article. Visual / GUI tools like sprite editors, level editors or GUI builders are not what is usually meant by visual programming.
Unity is a very popular game engine that doesn't have an official visual programming solution (they're previewing one in the very latest version). Unity has a powerful level editor that is used to lay out the levels in a GUI tool but no visual scripting / programming tools. The majority of Unity games that currently exist therefore do all level scripting in C# code. Many other games engines have no visual scripting solution and all level scripting is done in either a scripting language like Lua or in some cases in C++ code. Unity has sprite editors, visual GUI builder tools etc. but those are not what is generally meant by "visual programming". The closest Unity has had until recently was its graphical animation state machine editor.
awesome comments, really cool to read all of this.
anyway, I would argue both are valid examples is graphical progamming, but they happen at different levels.
the "node based" tools usually define some sort of function or system, ie. a "type"; for this you need category theory to describe how the diagrams look and this is not what any editor I know does, but it means a whole of difference.
And the map editors are for defining "terms of a type", given a definition of a "map datatype" there is a graphical way to edit it.
when we talk about graphical programming we are initially focussing on the first, well defined graphical protocol definitions. you can think of it as type checked event sourcing, where the "behaviour" or "type" is described by a (sort of) graph representing a (sort of) state machine)
but we have relatively clear idea's to extend this to the second case as well.
The difference with other (older) approaches is that in the last 20 years a lot of mathematics appeared dealing with formal (categorical) diagrams or proof nets, etc. that we leverage. I claim we (the world) now finally really understand how to build visual languages that do no suck.
Things like a GUI designer or level editor map a 2D or 3D domain to a 2D or 3D-projected-to-2D space. A 3D animation editor maps a 4D domain to a 2D projection of a 3D representation plus a timeline representing the 4th time dimension. These mappings are natural, intuitive and work well generally.
Visual programming tools attempt to map logic to a (usually) 2D domain where there is no natural or intuitive general mapping. The representation has both too many degrees of freedom (arbitrary positions of nodes in 2D space that are not meaningful in the problem domain) and too few (connections between nodes end up crossing in 2D adding visual confusion due to constraints of the representation that don't exist in the problem domain).
I've been exploring colored Petri nets for our product and they do seem to have promise for certain use cases though so I do think it's an interesting area to explore.
> Visual programming tools attempt to map logic to a (usually) 2D domain where there is no natural or intuitive general mapping. The representation has both too many degrees of freedom (arbitrary positions of nodes in 2D space that are not meaningful in the problem domain) and too few (connections between nodes end up crossing in 2D adding visual confusion due to constraints of the representation that don't exist in the problem domain).
In general this is true, but the diagrams we use at Statebox are different in the sense that there is a completeness theorem between the diagrammatic language and an underlying mathematical structure (a category). In this case the mapping is sound by definition.
Also, it is worth stressing that our diagrammatic calculus is topologically invariant, meaning that the position of diagrams in space is meaningless, everything that matters is connectivity. This is also the approach originally used by Coecke and Abramsky in the field of Categorical Quantum Mechanics, which is getting huge success to define quantum protocols :)
Why does category theory magically transform node diagrams into something usable from something not? Unreal blueprints/Reactor schematics/whatever are quite fine in their current form, even if their usage falls apart in advanced constructions. Is statebox going to magically make huge node-and-graph-designed programs reasonable?
Your writeup didn't convince me that "category theory" adds any significant value, and neither does it help inform as to what category theory actually is. How does statebox improve upon existing node-based programming implementations?
CS formality and big words misses the point of visual programming entirely, in that it is to simplify the process of software creation to make it more approachable to non-programmers. Unless your UX is absolutely top-notch you are going to lose these novice users as they struggle to deal with the constraints without a good reason or UX to do so.
Also- The memetastic design of statebox's main page is a pretty big turnoff :(
> Why does category theory magically transform node diagrams into something usable from something not? Unreal blueprints/Reactor schematics/whatever are quite fine in their current form, even if their usage falls apart in advanced constructions. Is statebox going to magically make huge node-and-graph-designed programs reasonable?
Your writeup didn't convince me that "category theory" adds any significant value, and neither does it help inform as to what category theory actually is. How does statebox improve upon existing node-based programming implementations?
nothing magical, just good engineering and UX design and solid theoretical underpinnings.
cat. th. does add value: there are many ways to build diagrams and build syntaxes for diagrams, but they are not all equivalently powerful or general. but it turns out that there are diagrams that _are_ suitable, and this is what we use.
It will improve upon existing diagram tools in that it gives a formal theory of how they work, so you can really build huuge diagrams and still be sure everything works.
I didn't write the blog post, but I could try to write one about the value of category theory, because it is often misunderstood. It is however very abstract and takes the mind a while to see the value off, which is not so easy to convey.
> CS formality and big words misses the point of visual programming entirely, in that it is to simplify the process of software creation to make it more approachable to non-programmers. Unless your UX is absolutely top-notch you are going to lose these novice users as they struggle to deal with the constraints without a good reason to UX to do so.
oh, yeah this is something often misunderstood, we are not trying to target novice developers (yet). we need to develop a lot of stuff and CS formality is right now still the simplest way to understand the system. I mean, we are not trying to be arrogant or puffy or something, but for instance the way we realise our compilation is with "functorial semantics". we have a functor between categories that does the trick. We could call it something else, but it doesn't help (at this stage).
anyway, if we do our job well then all the category theory would be under the hood and you just get a nice UX for coding with diagrams.
> Also- The memetastic design of statebox's main page is a pretty big turnoff :(
opinions differ :) I thought it was quite funny 2 years ago and many people thought so as well and then it got turned into this homepage.
at the moment we don't really have time to spend time on the site, but it will def. be changed in the future
Smalltalk would be an exception. The graphical elements are provided for you to make your own inside the image on the fly, or you can modify the IDE as needed.
The right tool for the right job. For 50% of a game's code visual programming is absolutely the right tool. For some other parts it probably isn't.