Yes you can, there's an official Apple app to do it: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.apple.trac...

And a 3rd party tool that does even more: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=de.seemoo.at_t...

This does a different thing

What OP means is that I cannot purchase an Airtag/Chipolo, and then subsequently find that Airtag using the Find My Network with my Android device.

I can identify airtags around me with that App, but I cannot locate a missing Airtag.

I was about to correct you saying "icloud.com works on any browser, even an Android phone", but then I went and looked and you can't locate AirTags (or people) using the Web version of Find My, just Apple devices. An odd omission on Apple's part.